Research   Emotions are crucial when donating   In the issue 64 the Civic World started presenting parts of the publication “Trust, responsibility for social issues and charity in Macedonia”, published by the Macedonian Center for International Cooperation. The publication is, in fact, a report made on the basis of two questionnaires and the results of four focus-groups. The questionnaires and focus-groups have been carried out by the Institute for Sociological and Political-Legal Researches. The publication in PDF format is available on www.mcms.org.mk     Introduction In the first part of the presentation of the Research on donation (Civic World No.70) we saw that the percentage of those who donate is high (83,2%). 53,5% of the citizens respondents have donated money or goods in the past 12 months. Health is the most frequent answer of the question what they have donated for. After health, people range children, young people and students, handicapped people, social needs (worries) etc. According to the research data, the percentage of those who think that the collected finances from charities are not used for the purpose is still high (14,5% are completely certain about it and 28,1% partly). In the following two pages you can see the data about what and how much the citizens donate, how they donate and how they get the information about the charity actions.   Chart 1. In case you have donated in the last 12 months, what was the purpose? For medical treatment of people who need an expensive treatment   24.8%  Other (10 denars on the street)                                                           23.7%  I have not donated                                                                               22.7%  For some of the stated purposes                                                         13.5%  An appeal for help to children with malignant diseases                          5.7%  Macedonia for the victims of tsunami                                                     4.4% Friends of the children’s clinic                                                                 2.8% Help for the burnt down schools                                                            2.6%   The research has shown that people want to donate where they live, in their closest environment, that is, locally in their local community. This option has been chosen as a priority by 55% of the respondents. Geographical distancing from the place of living means decrease of the percentage of those who have chosen that option, so 24% consider donating in the municipality or the town to be their first priority and 9.8% have donating on a national level as their first priority. The second priority is the municipality or the town where the respondents live (53%) and the third one is the region (59.1%).   What and how much do citizens donate? The majority of those who donate, that is, 52.4% donate money. The respondents with incomplete education donate more in goods (36.8%) than in money (18.4%). Money is also less donated by those with incomes up to 2.000 denars (38.1%) and the respondents from the north-eastern region (29.4%). Out of those who have donated money (52.3%), most have donated from 50 to 100 denars (15.6%), that is, from 10 to 50 denars (14.2%).   Chart 2. When you donate, what do you mostly give? Money                          52.4% Goods                           23.9% I have not donated      17.6% In charity work               6.2%     Chart 3.  If you have donated money, how much have you given? 50-100 MKD                                     15.6% 100-500 MKD                                      9.3% Over 500 MKD                                    6.6%  I have not donated any money        30.0% Spare change, less than 10 denars    4.4%  10-50 MKD                                         14.2%     How do Macedonian citizens donate? The citizens mostly want to donate by hand, that is, from house to house. This kind of donating has been chosen as the first priority by 34.5% of the respondents. The second most frequent priority is donating by giro (with paying-in slip) and 20.6% of the respondents have chosen this option and the third priority is teledonation, that is donating on the phone and sending SMS messages (16.3%). Seen through the prism of the respondents’ characteristics, it can be concluded that ethnic Albanians prefer donating by hand (47.6%), unlike Macedonians (27.8%). This percentage is higher within the respondents with incomplete primary (50%) or completed primary education (45.5%), unlike those with complete college or university education (28.7%). Farmers (52.6%), housewives (50.9%) and the respondents from the north-eastern region (50%) also prefer donating by hand… The employed in the civic sector prefer donating by paying-in slip, that is giro (46.7%). Business people think that there should be an organization or an institution where they could address their help when they can/want to do it. They think that due to the lack of this, part of the goods they would donate sometimes end where they are not the most necessary. Majority of the respondents (71.3%) think that in Macedonia there should be redirection 1-2% of the personal tax, so instead at the state, it should be aimed at charities, as one of the donating mechanisms.    Chart 4.  Whom or whom by do you prefer donating? I do not prefer mediators                              53.2%  No answer                                                       9.7%  Macedonian Red Cross or Red Half-moon       8.9%  Church and religious community                      7.4%  Public institution (hospital, school)                  6.6%  Local community or municipality                      5.5%  Civil society organization                                4.8%  International organization                              3.4%  Other                                                              0.5%   In spite of the fact that half of the respondents have stated they do not prefer mediators, however, the other half have made their priorities at mediators. Those who want to donate directly, do it as they want to avoid misuse (31.1%), they want to see whom they donate (26.6%) or they do not have any concrete answer (15.5%). Fewer respondents do it in order to see gratitude personally or the one who gets the help to know who has given it to him.   Informing about charity actions The electronic media are the most efficient in spreading information about charity actions, although direct communication/informing are not to be neglected, too. The electronic media have bigger penetration within Macedonians, that is, 43.4% of them get familiar with the information about charity actions that way, unlike 18.2% ethnic Albanians. They, in much higher percentage (25.8%) get informed by their friends and neighbors, unlike 5.7% Macedonians.   Conclusions Many people donate, but not on regular basis. They mostly donate for health and the health system, for children and young people and people with special needs. For comparison, the results of the research on citizens’ solidarity carried out in 2001 showed that almost ? of the citizens had not donated. This shows that the level of charity compared to 2001 has improved. Money is most often donated. The usual amount is from 10 to 100 denars. The citizens mostly want to donate directly or by hand. The information about the charity actions is most efficiently spread through the electronic media.